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Another
issue to be resolved in defining a TMD case is deciding whether
to base the definition on:
- Having
ongoing (ambient) pain; or
- Experiencing
pain during mandibular function (e.g. while eating, while opening
wide); or
- Both ambient
pain and pain on function.
Epidemiologic
studies of TMD have defined cases based on the subject experiencing
pain in the TMJ or masticatory muscles during one or more of a
wide range of functional activities involving the jaw. These include
pain on chewing, when opening wide, when yawning, when talking,
during normal opening, when either opening or closing the jaw,
or when performing any mandibular movement (Drangsholt
and LeResche, 1999).
Generally,
studies using case definitions based only on pain during function
result in lower prevalence rates than those defining cases as
people with ambient TMD pain.
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