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Clinical Research on Dyspnea
Author Bios
What is Dyspnea?
What Provokes Dyspnea?
The Nature of Dyspnea
Language of Dyspnea
Clinical Application
Research Application
Variability in Sensations
Challenges in Study
Currently selected section: Mechanical Loads and Sense of Effort
Chemoreceptors
Mechanoreceptors
Neuro-Mechanical Dissociation
Phase of Respiration and Dyspnea
Physiology of Dyspnea
Respiratory System
Cardiovascular System
Measuring Dyspnea
Scaling Issues
Qualitative Aspects
Reliability and Validity Overview
Reliability and Validity
Sensitivity and Specificity
Scales
Sensation vs. Perception vs. Symptom
Treating Dyspnea
Why Measure?
Cluster Analysis
Statistical vs. Clinical Significance
Standard Error of Measurement
Measuring Fatigue
Measuring Depression
Measuring Anxiety and Hyperventilation
Measuring Quality of Life
Conclusion

 

Chapter 23: Dyspnea: Physiology of Dyspnea: Mechanical Loads and Sense of Effort
        

Imagine a situation in which normal subjects are asked to breathe at an elevated level of ventilation (55 L/min). Carbon dioxide is added to the inspired gas to maintain PaCO2 at 40 mm Hg. The subjects rate their sense of effort and breathlessness (defined as an increased urge to breathe). Unbeknownst to the subjects, the concentration of inspired carbon dioxide is increased, the PaCO2 rises, and the ratings are repeated.

Question 9.1

Would you expect the ratings of breathlessness and effort to continue to parallel each other?


Selection: Yes          Selection: No    

 


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