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Human Experimental Pain Models
Author Bios
Learning Objectives
Clinical Significance and Phenomenology
Complex Diseases: Need to Simplify
Model Requirements
Brief and Sustained Experimental Pain
Choice of the Pain Stimulus
A Model Design for Pain Experimentation
Experiential Adjustment
Choice of Stimulation Site
Stimulation Site for a Study of TMJD
Experimental Design
Model Validation: Level 1
Model Validation: Level 2
Model Validation: Level 3
Model Validation: An Example
Currently selected section: Cross-Validation with Other Model Systems
Model Systems as Tools
Sample Size Estimation
Potential Difficulties
Conclusion

 

Chapter 21: Human Experimental Pain Models: Cross-Validation with Other Model Systems
        

Because often a number of model systems are being studied to investigate aspects of a disease, additional consideration needs to be given to the assessment of similarities and differences between related human pain models, including applicable animal model systems. Because pain in animals is inferred from behavioral responses (see below), comparisons of human and animal model systems have obvious limitations. Nevertheless, these comparisons can be productive insofar as the gained understanding can be complimentary or confirmatory.


Table 16.1: Behavioral Pain Indices in Animal Models
1. Vocalization threshold in response to pressure applied to the inflamed region
2. Struggle threshold in response to limb extension
3. Excessive grooming behaivor of affected body part
4. Limb withdrawal thresholds in response to various stimuli (e.g. hot plate, electrical shock)

 

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